Psoriasis is a common type of skin disease. It is chronic. Worldwide, it affects millions of people every year. There is a rapid growth of skin cells during psoriasis. The most common sign of psoriasis is the formation of scaly patches on the skin’s surface. To date, there is no specific solution for psoriasis. Yet, various treatment options can help manage its symptoms. Let us delve into psoriasis signs, causes, symptoms, and remedies.

Psoriasis signs and symptoms

Psoriasis can lead to various signs and symptoms. Symptoms of psoriasis include the following:

• Itching and pain: The affected skin is often itchy and may cause discomfort or pain. The patches can also crack and bleed.
• Nail changes: Psoriasis can affect the nails. It causes them to thicken, become pitted, or separate from the nail bed.
• Joint pain: Some people may experience joint pain and stiffness, a condition known as psoriatic arthritis.
• Emotional impact: Psoriasis can lead to feelings of self-consciousness, embarrassment, and anxiety. This affects the quality of life of an individual.

Causes of psoriasis
Psoriasis results from an abnormal immune response. A type of white blood cell called T cells plays a significant role in this process. In psoriasis, T cells attack healthy skin cells, causing the rapid growth of skin cells. This leads to the formation of plaques. The causes of psoriasis can vary for different people. Some of the causes are as follows:

• Genetic predisposition: People whose families have a history of psoriasis are at risk of developing it. This suggests that a genetic component has caused psoriasis.
• Environmental factors: Environmental triggers can worsen psoriasis symptoms. These factors include infections, injuries to the skin, stress, and certain medications.
• Immune system dysfunction: Psoriasis is an autoimmune disease. This indicates that the immune system plays a significant role in its development.

Types of psoriasis
Psoriasis is present in the body in several different types. The types of psoriasis are as follows:

• Plaque psoriasis: Plaque psoriasis is the most prominent type. It constitutes 80% of the total cases of psoriasis. It appears as raised red patches covered with silver-white scales. It occurs on the lower back, elbows, scalp, and knees.
• Guttate psoriasis: This type of psoriasis often starts in childhood or early adulthood. It appears as small red spots on the skin. It is usually triggered by bacterial infections, such as strep throat.
• Inverse psoriasis: This form affects the skin in areas where it folds. It includes areas such as the armpits, groin, and under the breasts. The patches are smooth and red, often aggravated by friction and sweating.
• Pustular psoriasis: It is characterized by red skin with white pustules. This type can be localized or generalized, affecting larger body areas.
• Erythrodermic psoriasis: This rare and severe form covers most of the body’s surface with a fiery red rash. It is often accompanied by intense itching and pain.

Remedies of psoriasis
While there is no cure for psoriasis, several psoriasis remedies can effectively manage its symptoms and improve the condition’s overall intensity.

• Topical treatment options: These include creams and ointments containing vitamin D analogs and retinoids. They help reduce inflammation and slow down skin cell growth.
• Phototherapy: Light therapy involves exposing the affected skin to ultraviolet light, which can slow down skin cell growth and reduce inflammation.
• Systemic prescription: In severe cases, oral or injected treatment targeting the immune system may be prescribed.
• Moisturizers: Regularly applying moisturizers can help soothe the skin and reduce itching.
• Stress management: Since stress can worsen psoriasis symptoms, stress-reduction techniques such as meditation, yoga, and relaxation exercises can be beneficial.
• Avoid triggers: Identifying and avoiding triggers that worsen psoriasis, such as certain treatment options or infections, can help manage the condition.

Psoriasis requires ongoing management and care because it is a chronic skin condition. You must understand psoriasis signs, causes, symptoms, and remedies. It is challenging to live with this skin condition. However, you can significantly improve the quality of life of the affected people with medical treatments and emotional support.